Compare Aruba (2004) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

Compare Aruba (2004) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

	Aruba (2004)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.3% (male 7,429; female 7,051) 15-64 years: 68.2% (male 23,587; female 25,007) 65 years and over: 11.4% (male 3,347; female 4,797) (2004 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	aloes; livestock; fish	-
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 193 sq km land: 193 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Washington, DC	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	11.53 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $135.8 million expenditures: $147 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000)	-
Capital	Oranjestad	-
Climate	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	68.5 km	698 km
Constitution	1 January 1986	-
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Aruba	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)	-
Death rate	6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Debt - external	$285 million (1996)	-
Dependency status	part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Aruba; the Consul General to Netherlands Antilles, Robert E. SORENSON, is accredited to Aruba	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricted access to the largest island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	$26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127 million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996	-
Economy - overview	Tourism is the mainstay of the small, open Aruban economy, with offshore banking and oil refining and storage also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and low unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies, despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years. Tourist arrivals have declined in the aftermath of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. The government now must deal with a budget deficit and a negative trade balance.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.
Electricity - consumption	494.7 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	531.9 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Jamanota 188 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%	-
Exchange rates	Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.79 (2003), 1.79 (2002), 1.79 (2001), 1.79 (2000), 1.79 (1999)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Fredis REFUNJOL (since 11 May 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Nelson O. ODUBER (since 30 October 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers (elected by the Staten) elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held 28 September 2001 (next to be held by December 2005) election results: Nelson O. ODUBER elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Charles A. HAMILTON (since 2002); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment	-
Exports - partners	Netherlands 33.7%, Colombia 12%, Netherlands Antilles 12%, Panama 12%, Venezuela 10.8%, US 9.6% (2003)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.94 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	-1.5% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	12 30 N, 69 58 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E
Geography - note	a flat, riverless island renowned for its white sand beaches; its tropical climate is moderated by constant trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature is almost constant at about 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit)	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 800 km paved: 513 km unpaved: 287 km note: most coastal roads are paved, while unpaved roads serve large tracts of the interior (1995)	total: NA km paved: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Illicit drugs	transit point for US- and Europe-bound narcotics with some accompanying money-laundering activity	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs	-
Imports - partners	US 55.3%, Netherlands 13%, Netherlands Antilles 3.1% (2003)	-
Independence	none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA (2002 est.)	-
Industries	tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 6.02 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.2% (2002 est.)	-
International organization participation	ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), UPU, WCL, WToO (associate)	-
Irrigated land	0.01 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the monarch)	-
Labor force	41,500 (1997 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 10.53% (including aloe 0.01%) permanent crops: 0% other: 89.47% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish	-
Legal system	based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 28 September 2001 (next to be held by NA 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - MEP 52.4%, AVP 26.7%, PPA 9.6%, OLA 5.7%, Aliansa 3.5%, other 2.1%; seats by party - MEP 12, AVP 6, PPA 2, OLA 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.98 years male: 75.64 years female: 82.49 years (2004 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: total population: 97% male: NA female: NA	-
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,772 GRT/7,068 DWT by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 2 foreign-owned: Germany 1, Russia 1 registered in other countries: 1 (2003 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Royal Dutch Navy and Marines, Coast Guard	-
National holiday	Flag Day, 18 March	-
Nationality	noun: Aruban(s) adjective: Aruban; Dutch	-
Natural hazards	lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt	NA
Natural resources	NEGL; white sandy beaches	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Alliance or Aliansa [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Jan (Henny) H. EMAN]; Concentration for the Liberation of Aruba or CLA [leader NA]; People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [Urbana LOPEZ]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	71,218 (July 2004 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s, in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	0.51% (2004 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas	Diego Garcia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: more than adequate international: country code - 297; 1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	37,100 (2002)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	53,000 (2001)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	flat with a few hills; scant vegetation	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	1.79 children born/woman (2004 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	0.6% (2003 est.)	-

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